Jane Austen present the reader of Pride and Prejudice Essay

Jane Austen present the reader of Pride and Prejudice with a number of representation of love and marriage, including 2 unsuccessful proposals to Elizabeth Bennett and the relationships of: Mr and Mrs Bennett Jane and Mr Bingley Charlotte and Mr Collins Lydia and Wickham Elizabeth and Mr Darcy Analyse each of the proposals in turn and then discuss what you think Jane Austen’s views on love and marriage were. Pride and Prejudice is one of the most classic love stories of all time. Written by Jane Austen in 1796 when she was just 24, the novel has become a favourite with woman in every generation since. Following the paths of 5 sisters as some come of age and other just grow older in a world where marriage is everything. Around the time of Pride and Prejudice, romantic love wasn’t important. Parents picked a suitor for their children, usually marrying girls off into better off families if they could, financially securing them until death, or so they hope. It was well and truly a mans world in the 1700s, there was no means of a woman creating an independent existence, and so woman relied on marriage in order to lead a half decent life. Elizabeth receives 3 proposals, one from Mr Collins, her cousin, big fan of Lady Catherine DeBurgh and a clergyman, and 2 from Mr Darcy. I will discuss these in detail later in my essay The story follows that of the Bennett family. Mrs Bennett, mother of 5, means well for her daughters, but brings much embarrassment upon them every time she opens her mouth. Mr Bennett, her husband, is the calm that follows the storm that is Mrs Bennett. He is the one his daughters go to when search calm advice, although Mr Bennett does mock the girls’ immature ways. Elizabeth (named â€Å"Lizzie† by close friends and family) and Jane (often referred to as â€Å"Miss Bennett†) are the two older sisters (Jane older than Elizabeth). Then, followed by Mary, then Catherine (or â€Å"Kitty†), then Lydia. Mr and Mrs Bennett are the perfect example of an arranged marriage working out. We can make a guess that the two did get along when first married, but that the relationship was probably built on lust, which after 5 girls, was bound to ware out. As they have been married for so long, they’ve learnt to live with and love each other, like couples were expected to. They annoy and irritate each other, but the Bennett parents love each other despite each other’s embarrassing flaws. The first fresh relationship we come across is that between Jane Bennet and Mr Bingley. There is much gossip following Mr Bingley’s arrival, and when he arrives at a dance in Meryton, the room obviously falls silent. Bingley is a very sweet man, and when he first lays eyes on Jane he’s smitten, and visa versa, and they spend all night dancing. Mary is quite happy with taking up the sidelines, but Kitty and Lydia love all the attention they receive and the non-stop dancing. Elizabeth, on the other hand, does not enjoy herself as much as Mr Darcy refuses to dance with her when Bingley suggests it, and Lizzie overhears. Jane’s story is essentially that of Cinderella. Jane and Mr Bingley were an excellent match, but for Jane there was too bigger social gap. She felt nervous around Bingley, and especially around his family. There were problems, when Mr Darcy believed Jane did not love Bingley as Bingley loved Jane and so convinced Bingley to move away, breaking Jane’s heart. This was part of the reason Lizzie did not take to Darcy. Despite all the problems, Bingley and Jane do marry, but not before Austen made sure her audience sympathized towards Jane, the good-intentioned sister. Jane represents the â€Å"do-good† types that always appear to get everything they deserve (which happens to be everything), which shows these people aren’t just a modern day occurrence, but appear regularly in history. Mr Collins’ proposal to Lizzie was a cringeworthy moment in Pride & Prejudice. His proposal seemed rehearsed, and while Lizzie laughs at him, he leads himself to believe she’s being shy. He tries to convince her by mentioning the fact Longbourne is entailed to him. Lizzie turns him down, but he believes she’s playing hard to get. The entire affair is exceedingly embarrassing as Mr Collins won’t take no for an answer, without realising he isn’t going to get another answer. Following Lizzie turning down his proposal, Mr Collins proposes to Lizzie’s best friend, Charlotte Lucas. Charlotte, unlike Lizzie, accepts in the full realisation that this may by her first and last proposal, and it just wouldn’t be safe to turn it down. This relationship, as it was, was made out to be the example of a safe marriage. It’s not for love, nor money, just simply for security. Charlotte is fully aware that unless out to events, she will never be bothered by Mr Collins, and will be able to lead a safe and quiet life. This is the most realistic marriage out of all other’s in this book when studying typical marriages of the time. Austen writes about Charlotte in a way that makes us feel sympathy for her, and all other women who were forced to marry and spend every living day with someone who’s company they may not even enjoy, but love wasn’t a detail considered important when marrying off children, they were expect to LEARN to love the one they were with. Lydia, being the youngest and giddiest of all the Bennett girls also happened to be the stupidest, when she eloped with Wickham and put a bigger black mark then her mother’s on the family name. Strangely enough, it was Darcy that came to the (silent) rescue. He found Wickham and Lydia, forced them to marry and paid for the whole thing (Lydia loved the entire thing, thinking of it as an adventure, whereas Wickham wasn’t quite so impressed). It’s after this we find out why Darcy dived at the chance to help. Wickham told Lizzie that Darcy had cheated him out of his inheritance from Darcy’s father, when actually, Wickham had tried to elope with Georgina Darcy for HER substantial inheritance. After Elizabeth rejected Mr Collins, he hurriedly married her best friend, Charlotte Lucas, and Elizabeth is invited to visit the newlyweds. While she is staying with them, Darcy visits his aunt, Lady Catherine de Bourgh, at the adjoining estate, Rosings Park. Elizabeth and Darcy are therefore thrown daily into each other’s company. Elizabeth’s charms eventually entrance Mr Darcy, leading him to finally declare his love for her â€Å"against his own will† and his desire to marry her in spite of her objectionable family. Surprised and insulted by Darcy’s high-handed method of proposing, as well as having recently learnt that Darcy convinced Bingley to sever ties with Jane and still contemptuous of Darcy’s supposed wrongs against Wickham, Elizabeth refuses him in no uncertain terms, saying that he is â€Å"the last man in the world whom she could ever be prevailed on to marry.† The next day, Darcy intercepts Elizabeth on her morning walk and hands her a letter before leaving on a cold note. In the letter, Darcy justifies his actions regarding his interference in Bingley and Jane’s relationship, and reveals his history concerning Mr Wickham and Wickham’s true nature. The letter sheds a new light on Darcy’s personality for Elizabeth and she begins to reconsider her opinion of him, particularly in the case of Wickham. Then, while on holiday with her aunt and uncle, the Gardiners, Elizabeth is persuaded to visit Pemberley, Darcy’s estate, while he is away. She is therefore mortified when she bumps into him unexpectedly while on a tour of the grounds. However, his changed attitude towards her shows in his behaviour, distinctly warmer than last time, and his polite and friendly manner towards her aunt and uncle begins to persuade Elizabeth that underneath his pride lies a true and generous nature. Her fresh opinion of Darcy is supported through meeting his younger sister Georgiana, a gentle-natured and shy girl whom Darcy lovingly dotes upon. THEN to top off this new improved Darcy, he finds Wickham and Lydia, and makes sure they marry therefore causing no slander towards the family name. Austen wrote in Darcy as the negative force, and Lizzie as the good, they were bound to come together, but it couldn’t happen without some toing-and-froing. In my opinion, both Lizzie and Darcy are negative, but they were destined for each other from Meryton. Both Jane and Lizzie end up marrying for love, but they both end up marrying someone in a substantially higher class, whereas Lydia, like her mother, married for lust (Wickham on the other hand married for money). Jane Austen wrote this book for entertainment, and perhaps to show the audience that things could be different if a little more respect was paid to women. But also, i think Austen wrote this book with an idea to mock the ridiculous social rules of the time. Writing a story like this placed her way ahead of her time anyway, as the plot is still very relevant today, but was she so ahead of her time that she could see the circus that was the social circuits and the jail-marriages some women were forced to dwell into.

Why Was Stalin Able to Become Leader of Russia by 1926?

Why was Stalin able to become leader of Russia by 1926? (7) In January 1924, Lenin, the Leader of the Russian communist party died. Trotsky, the leader of the Red army seemed like Lenin’s successor at the time as he played a major role in the civil war. Meanwhile, Stalin held two positions: People’s commissar for Nationalities (responsible for the different nationalities in the Soviet empire) and General Secretary (responsible for the day to day running of the party. He was also a member of the Politburo, the party leaders who ran the country after Lenin’s death.They consist of Stalin, Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Bukharin, Rykov and Tomsky. As Lenin’s funeral was organized by Stalin since he was regarded as the party’s administrator because of his position as General Secretary, Stalin was able to deliver the oration. This enabled him to portray himself as the chief mourner, and heir to Lenin. Stalin also telegrammed Trotsky the wrong date. Many saw Trotsky’s absent as disrespect for Lenin who had assumed a God-like status so his reputation was damaged. As a result, Lenin’s funeral gained Stalin support and made Trotsky unpopular, contributing to his success in being the leader of Russia.Apart from that, the fact that the Politburo decided not to publish Lenin’s Testament which contains criticisms of them also contributes to Stalin’s success. This is because in his testament, Lenin had wanted Stalin removed from his position. Members of the party may not have supported Stalin if they had read the testament containing criticisms of him. They would probably support Lenin’s desire for Stalin to be removed from his position. Apart from enabling Stalin to gain support during Lenin’s funeral, his position as General Secretary also contributes to his success in becoming Russia’s leader in many ways.As it enabled him to access personal files of party members, Stalin gained information wh ich he could use against his rivals. Furthermore, it also gave him the right to appoint new party members so he appointed his supporters. During Lenin Enrolment between 1923-5, over half a million new members joined the party as it gave them privileges. This made them loyal to Stalin as he had allowed them into the party. New members could easily identify with Stalin because of his humble, peasant background and support for Stalin grew. On the other hand, Trotsky was unpopular.He came from a wealthy Jewish background and had a late conversion to Bolshevism. He was an intellectual who appeared arrogant. He also did not cultivate support but worked alone. This could be because of his poor judgment regarding other people. Trotsky also believed in the ‘Permanent Revolution’ but in contrast, Stalin promoted ‘Socialism in one country’. Many feared that Trotsky’s idea of world revolution would ruin Russia so support increased for Stalin. In 1924, Trotsky sa id the party’s bureaucracy was too big and was working for its own benefit.He was isolated by Stalin as Stalin had joined with Zinoviev and Kamenev to form the ‘Triumvirate’. This happened before Lenin’s death and the aim of this alliance is to prevent Trotsky from being the next party leader. They campaigned against Trotsky by publishing his disagreement s with Lenin during 1903-7. They also used Stalin’s position as General Secretary and the 1921 ban against factions to remove Trotsky’s supporters from their influential positions. This led to Trotsky being constantly isolated and outvoted.In 1925, Trotsky was forced to resign from his position of Commissar for War. Stalin, as a member of the ‘Triumvirate’ has partly defeated the Left Opposition. However, In April 1926, Zinoviev and Kamenev realized that Stalin is exploiting his position as he used it to appoint his supporters into the party. They joined forces with Trotsky to f orm the United Opposition. They planned to restore Party and Soviet democracy and end the NEP (New Economic Policy). They were defeated in 1926 at the central committee meeting because Stalin called in his support and banned them from speaking.He also used his control of Party Congresses and elections to outvote them. They worked secretly but were then accused of factionalism (breaking the party) and were expelled from the party. The United Opposition was successfully defeated by Stalin and the party is now full of his supporters. As a conclusion, Stalin’s political schemes with the aid which his position as General Secretary offered enabled him to remove his rivals, gain support and power so he was able to become leader of Russia by 1926. Beatrice 11. 1

Differences Between Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Junior Essay

Ever since the beginning of African slavery in America there has been debate over whether slavery is moral or immoral. Beginning in 1896 black rights leaders began to appear in the U. S. Two of the most influential and famous advocators of black rights were Martin Luther King Junior and Malcolm X. Although their goal of equality between all races is the same their approaches to achieving this goal are different. The main differences between the two leaders are that King achieved his goal through peaceful and moving speeches about equality, while Malcolm was a destroyer of those who were of the superior white race. The main differences in their approaches to discrimination can stem from their different childhoods. King was from a prominent family in the area of Atlanta who had grown up with excellent schooling. King skipped two grades and went to an Ivy League school at the age of 15 and received the finest education throughout his life. Malcolm grew up with no schooling and was virtually unknown before he began to travel around advocating black rights. Malcolm also suffered through tragedies in his life that scarred. Malcolm’s father abused his mother and she abused her eight children. Then Malcolm’s father was murdered and his mother suffered a breakdown and, as a result, his family was forced to be split up. Their approaches to discrimination were grounded on their childhood which results in the great differences between them. Malcolm had a bitter desire to get back at the world that he felt he had been mistreated by. Luther grew up in a peaceful, loving environment and this showed through his non-violent protest movements. Beyond their childhood their viewpoints were also influenced by their religions. Martin was a Baptist reverend who reached out to people while he was at his church. His beliefs were in the social gospel. However, King also practiced â€Å"personalism. † Personalism is defined as the theological concept that emphasizes the personal nature of God and importance as human personality as a reflection of that nature. Malcolm believed in the Islamic religion which condemned whites and showed them no mercy. Malcolm and Martin also followed the example of two different role models. Malcolm was influenced by Elijah Muhammad and his organization, the Nation of Islam. Elijah taught Malcolm that the white man is the â€Å"devil† and that blacks are the true rulers of the world. Martin revered Gandhi for his way of seeking patience and non-violence. Gandhi was a famous religious leader who led a non-violent retaliation against British imperialism in India. Gandhi taught Martin that it is good to fight a fight without any physical contact. Both Malcolm and Martin reflected the viewpoints of their leaders in the way they led their protests. Martin Luther King Junior used non-violent protesting, passive resistance, and â€Å"weapons of love† to instruct his followers when fighting for equal rights. His approach can most easily be seen from his famous â€Å"I Have a Dream,† speech where he spoke eloquently about his dream for blacks and whites being together with no tensions between them. Martin once quoted, â€Å"A riot is the language of the unheard. Martin means that riots will get you nowhere, if you wish to be heard grab people’s attention through simple, peaceful actions. Malcolm was a segregationist, supporter of segregation, until his pilgrimage to Mecca. Malcolm also was willing to use any means necessary to gain equality for his people. He believed the only way blacks could gain true freedom was through revolution and force. Besides their approaches to achieving equality their effects on the Civil Rights Movement are different. Martin Luther had a positive effect similar to the way he delivered his point. He changed the perception towards equal freedom by introducing a new viewpoint with his â€Å"I have a Dream,† speech. His death also led to the passage of the civil rights legislation in 1968. Most importantly though Martin Luther King Junior gave his people the strength and courage to stand up to their persecutors. Malcolm was murdered similar to King but his death had no effect on the civil rights movement. Instead of a positive effect on the world he encouraged protest and riots and more importantly instilled black pride.

Beowulf and Roland Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Beowulf and Roland - Essay Example Beowulf protects the united community of man and does not allow the division and emptiness that are born from the soul of the vile beast Grendel to ravage the halls of Heorot any longer. Resisting Grendel’s savage attack on human solidarity, Beowulf takes up the defense of Heorot and the case of every nation whose name was so poignantly placed upon the high walls of this great hall of men. (Young 2006) The defense of Heorot was successful. Beowulf has fought tremendous battles before. He understood what fighting and death consisted of. This might have had an impression on Beowulf as he went to face the dragon. Oliver counsels Roland to blow his oliphant horn, to call back Charlemagnes main force, but Roland refuses. The Franks fight valiantly, but in the end they are killed to the man. Roland blows his oliphant so that Charlemagne will return and avenge them. (Borey 2006) Another aspect concerning the attitudes of Beowulf and Roland is the reason behind the last battles. Beowulf had to fight a dragon that was going to destroy his kingdom. This evil would not stop unless Beowulf stopped it. The dragon

Analysis and apply the various theories and schools of thought for Essay

Analysis and apply the various theories and schools of thought for California Lutheran University - Essay Example In its policy, CLU offers equal opportunities to all qualified individuals regardless of their color, race, gender, origin, or disability. The classical theories The classical theories were developed by different scholars, whose main assumptions were largely based on the relations between the management and employees (Helrich, 2012). This is attained through structures, which are formally made to enable smooth communication process, established accountability, and official practices and procedures to prevent any kind of disputes. In the California Lutheran University, the management includes the University administrators and the directors, while lecturers and other subordinate staff are the employees. They have formally made procedures to be followed such as timetables of lectures and other schedules to ensure that there is no conflict between them and the students. Workers are treated as economic individuals whose motivation is money. However, they are regarded as products of means of production. Henry Fayol came up with fourteen principles of an organization, such as division of work, authority and responsibility, discipline, and unity of command. In this university, all these principles have been applied on both the faculties and the students. The workers are dedicated to working with small numbers of graduate and undergraduate students who are disciplined, and open-minded about everybody, about ideas, and about their faith. Each student is seeking to grow as an individual while pursuing his or her passion and discover his purpose. The bureaucratic Theory of Management initiated by Max Weber helps an organization achieve objectives and goals. To him, an organization is efficient if has a continuous organization of formal functions interconnected by regulations, a hierarchy in administration, and rules to regulate office conducts. The institution has formal hierarchies from the University president down to the students. The governing bodies include the Convoc ation, Regents’ Board, the Cabinet of the President, and the Faculty. The executive cabinet provides leadership for the Programs Board and the senate to ensure that policies are executed and implemented. The Programs Board on the other hand officially represents the interests and wishes of all the students enrolled in the University. This hierarchy of roles runs down from the president of the institution to the students’ body to ensure that there is proper definition in tasks for a proper operations and order. The Human Resources management Human relations and schools of thought The Human Resource part of California Lutheran University has several departments, which work collectively to ensure that administrative roles and other responsibilities are achieved as desired. For instance, the senior Human Resource Administrator of the University administers all institutional compensation programs. He works with the HR Director on most of the scheduled projects such as analy sis, implementation, design, yearly salary programs, and budgeting. He assists the director with termination or disciplinary issues and general relations with the employees. The Director of Adult Degree Evening Program oversees faculty-student relations and recruitment and leads enrolment goal achievement, retention strategies, and excellence in student activities. The central aspect of the Human Relations school of thought is that when workers work

Criminal Justice 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Criminal Justice 1 - Essay Example A delicate balancing act of this high speed pursuit is necessary because a lot is usually at stake. On one hand is the police wanting to prevent fleeing criminals from the authority and from facing their criminal charges and on the other hand is the fact that these high speed chases put many individuals at risk as mentioned earlier (Stevens, 2011). Police teach people to be law abiding and face up to their crimes but not flee from the law. This therefore necessitates them to engage fleeing criminals in high speed vehicular pursuits. Failure to engage them may lead to other fleeing criminals following suit and fleeing in high speed after committing crimes because they know the police will not pursue them. This will decrease the apprehension rate while at the same time encouraging more criminal activities that end up in the criminals fleeing at high speed from the crime scene and maybe even from the country. The other balance needed is to ensure that innocent citizens that are caught up in this vehicular pursuit are not in any way harmed. This also includes ensuring safety measures for those police officers involved directly in the high speed pursuit. Some of the measures the police have to put are preventative by educating the public about the potential risks of being caught up in such a pursuit and what they are expected to do immediately they realize that such a pursuit is ongoing. This may however not prove to be easy because most people do not realize about the high-speed chase until it is too late for them to prevent accidents and even shoot-outs from the criminals or the police. Some people also do not seem to think that this involves them or is their problem in any way and hence put themselves and others at risk (Peak, 2012). The cost of the pursuit is also an issue of debate in the balancing act. The costs involved include the traffic that will snarl up as a result of the chase and

Discussion posting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discussion posting - Essay Example Using social networking is just one of the ways companies can exercises their HR practices as well as marketing and other activities of the company. It however should not restrict them using other advertising channels and mediums and rely solely on social networking if they are to get better and diverse results in future. Not every individual is on social media sites especially the older generation. If they are to get not only diverse customers but also diversify their target customers and expand their market, they will have to consider different factors such as the age of their customers or potential customers and what news medium each of the target group fancies or is complacent with and then incorporate all this information. Even when they use newspapers and magazines in addition to the social media sites, connectivity will still be achieved at the end of the day as all the requests and results are handled by one or two departments in the organization which can then merge all the information into one pool. My company is a technology firm and their target is mostly the young people even though once in a while the older generation above 40 years of age may be interested in the different forms of technology and they have to be incorporated as well. Majority of the marketing and recruitment is carried out through the social media sites particularly facebook and twitter as those are the two social media platforms with the highest followings in the nation. The company has advertised in facebook and when one joins their facebook group, they are provided in depth information including the career and internship opportunities, tender offers as well as sales on certain technological items the company manufactures. Individuals in the group can also invite their friends to join the group and there are rewards if an individual recruits many people to join and

My history as a reader and writer in Russian and in English Essay

My history as a reader and writer in Russian and in English - Essay Example Writing is an art that requires one to have passion and willingness to counter the challenges that relate to the rules of good writing. My experience in reading and Writing in college is quite different from that of high school. In high school, most of the writing involved simple compositions and summaries. In college reading and writing requires deep analysis of the contents and the interpretation of those contents. Learning a new language is quite challenging but I am determined to perfect my new skills within the shortest time possible. My strengths in this new language are the commitment I have in my studies through regular practice to enhance my speaking and writing skills. I am also good at recalling facts and materials learned which enhances my performance in English and Russian languages. My weakness is the poor mastery of new phrases, especially in the new language. To counter this weakness, I am working hard by reading many articles and noting everything that I read in my notebook. The main goals for this course are to improve my analytical skills, which will enable me to be an excellent creative writer in the future. I also want to improve my usage of verbs especially the correct use of verb tenses, which will enable me to write the high-quality grammar. I also want to organize my work very well and compete with some of the world’s renowned writers in creative and imaginative writing. Reading and writing in the two different languages will help me communicate with more people and make many friends who have similar interests.

Human Diversity and Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Human Diversity and Justice - Essay Example Another reason for exception is to give way for the cases in which the permissibility of abortion is in line with the argument. According to marquis, abortion is permissible if the continuation of pregnancy will endanger a woman’s life. Killing a fetus is wrong just as killing an adult human being. This is because killing denies us an opportunity to unleash our potential, achieve our dreams and reach a moment of self actualization. What makes abortion wrong is the fact that killing a human being deprives him/her the value of his/her future. There is what we value now, and what we would have to value later, so it becomes a serious issue to kill children and infants. The main objection to marquis argument is that fetuses do not have a desire to go on living and killing them is not wrong. He continues to argue that only victims can be wronged since they have sentience. An embryo is not a victim, it does not have sentience and, therefore, it is not wrong to have an abortion (Landa u, 2007). The most serious problem with this argument is the killing of embryos that do not have the sentience. Anti-abortionists claim that fetuses are both human and alive and human beings have a right to life. Therefore, fetuses have a right to life too. ... Abortion activists mostly appeal to the criterion of being human. In this sense, fetuses are clearly human; they do not belong to another species. A correct theory on the wrong of killing a fetus is similar to how it would be wrong to kill peaceful persons from outer space who come to pay a visit to our planet regardless of whether they biologically resemble us or not. If they are persons like us, they will have futures like ours so it would be wrong to kill them. For marquis, his stand against abortion is too absurd to be acceptable. His emphasis is on the value of life rather than a potential person. These arguments then are too absurd to be acceptable because they deem contraception as being wrong (Landau, 2007). Question 2 Most of Thomson’s arguments on the defense for abortion rely on the premise that a fetus is a human being - a human being from the time of conception. To her, the argument that the development of a human being from conception to childhood is not clear be cause there is no point for distinction between being a person at one stage and not a person on the other. Concluding that a fetus is a human being from the time of conception is not valid. She does not support the different stages of development of a fetus into a child. Her assertion is that the fetus is already a person well before birth. By the age of ten weeks, the fetus begins to acquire human characteristics like face, arms and legs as well as brain organs. A fertilized ovum is just like an acorn in an oak tree. Thompson gives an anecdote of a kidnapped person who wakes up to find himself attached to an unconscious violinist who has a fatal kidney failure. His circulatory system has been plugged to the victim for him to survive. Both have a right to life, but the victim’s

To be or not to be. Using Linux instead of Windows Essay

To be or not to be. Using Linux instead of Windows - Essay Example Is Linux really the best choice for desktops, just like the way it is considered for servers? Can it replace or become an alternative to existing operating systems, especially Microsoft Windows for desktops? No doubt, Linux is still struggling to catch up with Microsoft on desktop computers, but at the same time, it has made significant progress in many areas which are still not readily apparent to many consumers. This paper aims to highlight those areas of Linux, namely benefits of being open source, low purchase cost, robust security, software availability and customizable features. The conclusion of this paper supports the fact that Linux has redeeming qualities to become a choice for desktops and predicts its domination in the desktop world. Linux is an operating system – a program that allows users to interact with all the software and hardware resources of the computer, either through command-line interface, where the users type text commands and the computer responds according to those commands, or through graphical user interface (GUI) in which the users can interact with the computer through a graphical interface with pictures and buttons by using the mouse and keyboard. Besides Linux, there are many other operating systems available in the market; few examples are Windows, IBM OS/2, MS-DOS, UNIX, Mac OS X and OpenSolaris. Almost every operating system can be classified as either Desktop or Server edition. Desktop version consists of those operating systems, such as Windows 2000 or Windows 98, which are only capable of running on normal desktop computers, while latter are designed specifically for servers – large computers with highly sophisticated hardware, such as Novell’s NetWare, Window NT and UNIX. So why Linux? Linux is â€Å"open source† – means that all the underlying code of operating system can be modified, used and distributed by anyone

Professional Development and Research Dissertation

Professional Development and Research - Dissertation Example The main purpose of this dissertation proposal is to determine whether outsourcing has any effects on cost and labour in an organisation. Outsourcing has many effects to both the organisation and the consumer. The effects can be both negative and positive. This mainly depends on the considerations made by the organisation before it embarks in outsourcing. Enough inquiries should be made before a company decides to outsource to another firm. This research will help industries decide on when it is necessary to outsource, the benefits and the limitations. Though there might be short-term price benefits, there are lasting costs connected with reduced edification of workers, less devotion of the employer and reduced employer devotion. This research seeks to understand the effects of outsourcing on cost cutting and labour. Outsourcing depends on the different business situations that different industries have. Before any organisation sets-off for outsourcing, assessment and careful plannin g are considered a necessity for any industry. In conclusion, empirical results on the relationship between outsourcing to cut costs and labour present that there are mixed results and impacts on different industries. The expected performance result of outsourcing was tested and the outcome illustrated efforts by industries to slash costs by mechanizing the business tasks in existence. The results showed unenthusiastic irregular returns. The analysis has shown incompatible outcomes on how tactically stimulated outsourcing influences an industries presentation.

Human Motivation Essay Example for Free

Human Motivation Essay A drug users are those individuals who have tried or continue to use alcohol or other drugs but who are not dependent or addicted. They also fall into different subgroups: a) those who have tried a substance but have discontinued use; b) those who use infrequently and primarily in response to social circumstances; and, c) those who use periodically but infrequently enough to avoid dependence or addictions (Lorion, Bussell Goldberg, 1991). This all started during the adolescent stage around 12-13 years old. First they used by smoking then use of alcohol then progress to something more like using of illicit drugs Initially, drug use is limited to weekends. Later, however, use may begin to take place during the week, but only in the evenings. Adolescents learn that the drug will provide the feeling they desire and that it will provide it every time. They learn to control the degree of this feeling by regulating the amount of drug they use. At this point they can either take the drug or leave it. Since drug use usually takes place with friends, this stage is sometimes referred to as social use (Milhorn, 1994) Drug abuse is using drugs because of its psychoactive effects without any supervision of a doctor or other medical professionals. There is an increase in frequency of drug use. They maintain their own supplies and may begin to use drugs when alone than with friends. Drug addiction is perhaps the worst of all because a drug addicts’ life is mainly focused on using and possessing drugs. They use drugs every day, more often is much better and there is an increase of dosage of drug intake to satisfy themselves and reach their â€Å"high level†. Users prefer to use drugs alone than with friends or company. Addiction is powerful motivation for some people. The craving for certain drugs can become overwhelming. Addicts may crave their drugs strongly that they are willing to give up everything including their families, jobs and relationship because these drugs that they take gives them incomparable pleasure. These drugs work on the drug addicts’ brain neurons and give intense pleasure. If an addict stop using them it will be very difficult because their brains were used to this drugs and the pleasure it brought to the users’ body thus motive to resume on using drugs again become strong and intense. Addictive drugs produces permanent changes in the brain reward system that causes craving even after withdrawal are over. Repeated use of drugs can cause neural sensitization, this last much longer than withdrawal. This may be one of the reason why recovered addicts are in danger of relapse into drug use even after they completed their rehabilitation and detoxification. The combination of these factors sheds light on why psychoactive drugs, more than many other incentives, are able to produce addictions. These drugs directly activate brain pleasure mechanism to unmatched levels, produced withdrawal syndromes that drive a recovering addict back to the drugs and perhaps permanently hyperactive the brain system that causes drug rewards to be desired. This combination is hard to resist. References Lorion R. , Bussell D. , and Goldberg R. ( 1991). Identification of youth at high risk for alcohol or other drug problems. National Commission on Marijuana and Drug Abuse. In E. Goplerud (ed. ), Preventing Adolescent Drug Use: From Theory to Practice. OSAP, DHHS Pub. No. (ADM) 91-1725. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office. Milhorn, Thomas (1994) Drug and Alcohol Abuse. MA: Perseus Publishing.

A Normal Guy Biography Of Julius English Literature Essay

A Normal Guy Biography Of Julius English Literature Essay Normality is often hard to define. A French sociologist, Emile Durkheim, indicated in his book that normal is the most common behavior in society. Julius Tamara runs a jewelry store which is well known through the city in one of the streets that is full of competitors, Jl. Pasir Koja. And this is about how normal he was and he is. Born in the City of Flowers or Bandung, the third largest city in Indonesia. Julius grew up in not so small family, he had 3 brothers and 3 sisters. Being in a moderate family, he seems to enjoy his childhood where he rode bicycle with his friends, playing with sticks, stones and whatever they have at that time. Its really different from these modern times, there was no television, let alone computer. Radio is likely to be the only electronic based media they have. One funny thing is he seems to broke it a couple of times. Julius is a bad tempered person, even as a child. He loves to angry very much, this is maybe because he was always being accused of breaking things when he didnt, so it is some kind of inner defensive mechanism. Say one thing that might offended him, you wont get it away just like that. Apart of being a bad tempered person, he was actually just a normal child. Julius laughed when he said he was afraid of dark, ghost and supernatural things. He also wanted to be like what other child wanted to be like doctors, astronauts, soldiers, and many more, even though he never achieved one of those and become something else. While other families find their children to be troublesome when they are in their teens, Julius is an exception, losing his older brother at the age of 15 is not one simple thing, its a trivial matter to a grown up teens but he never found himself troublesome to others except with the bullies. He was talking like a grown up when he was in his teens and he never asked question like why he was born like many other teenagers would probably do. He said that his friends were just finding themselves as they are in their development age. Strange thing, he doesnt seem to include himself in it. Despite of what other might say, growing up from a normal child, he was still a normal teenager, he hate bullies but he never afraid of one, he said that he got into trouble with the bullies once and have some childish fight, but he didnt hit even once, he just let them hit him as much as they like cause he knows that the if he fights back, hes just getting himself into more troubles and that will made him looked childish. Apart from the bully things, he also fell in love like other teens, he smiled when he said about this, but he never revealed the name. Like a normal teens, he used to hangout with his friends a lot. If someone asked about who is his best friend, he would probably answer his whole classmate. We love to do crazy things together, he said. They used to play a game, The rule is simple, after the break time when the teacher hasnt come to the class, we need to drag people from other class to our class and force them to stay in our class until the teacher chase him out and its a score Julius explained further. By the look of his, he really enjoys his adolescence very much, the way he explain things and more. Apart of that, growing up in a moderate family, losing a brother sure was a difficult thing for Julius, this is maybe the cause why he doesnt seem to like talking about his family as he likes talking about his friends. He always talked to the point and straight forward in a short sentence. Even though he said it was okay, but for a normal person, it wouldnt be okay to lose a brother. On the other hand, the loss of his brother sure was a hell of an experience for him. This life is cruel, he said. He knows it very well that he was still fortunate to live in such a family and in such a time, at least it was better than before 1945 which was the Japanese era. This might be another reason why he could develop such a personality in such a small age. One random fact, he never wanted to run away from house and its because he knows that theres no other place to go beside home, and what could he possibly do as a teenager anyway. Julius was old enough to see the incident in 30th September 1965. An attempted coup led by anti-communist party in Indonesia. This incident cause more than half million of people to die. It was one of the fearful times of all incidents in Indonesia. Not only that, Julius lives through the New Order era where all the Chinese people would need to hide in fear because of the anti-chinese laws made by the government. As other people would likely to feel, Julius hated the government very much. People live in fear, there is no place for Chinese people to stay in Indonesia, the Chinese Embassy in Jakarta was burned down by a mob. Several of the anti-chinese laws were to limit/restrict the Chinese culture like celebrating Chinese New Year and civil rights, including the adoption of Indonesian sounding names. This is the reason why Julius named himself as Julius which was not Julius before the New Order era. On the flipside, there were fewer corruptions than nowadays. Julius did finish his senior high, but he couldnt afford to continue his study to the university as he still has his brothers and sisters. Even if he could afford it that time, it would be impossible to get in a university because of the anti-chinese laws. Not going to university, no problem, he studied business by himself and doing some little business at the same time. This little business of his is actually a simple business trick, buying something at a lower price and sells it again at higher price to gain profit. After some time, he dares himself to open up a jewelry business which is quite a dangerous thing to do at that time. The place where he opened up the store is quite dangerous, there was an incident, a competitor of his was robbed and 3 people were shot. It was not far from his place, about 3 blocks away. The impact was so strong that he closed his business for a week. God really did his job to protect this man at that time. The robbers were actually targeting Julius sto re, but when the robbers asked a person who was selling meatball in front of his store about which one has more profit, he randomly answered the one that was 3 blocks away from Julius. Speaking of God, his family has a complicated belief. Julius and his wife are Buddhist, some of his siblings are Catholics and some other are Buddhist, and his oldest son and two daughter move to Protestant while the smallest moves to Catholics, this applies to his siblings son and daughter also which is very complicated. This is the reason why he doesnt like to talk about religious stuff very much. Despite of having different beliefs, they actually are a very harmonic family. They always support each other when they are in need. Julius loves to travel to China more than any other place. This was not because he is a Chinese. This is because that China is really a great place to go. The scenery is very beautiful there, its like youre in a fairy tale, he explains. Having two sons and two daughters, Julius still has something that troubles him. Apparently, his sons and daughters are not interested in this jewelry business of his. The oldest son is taking international law, while the daughters plan to make their own business. Hoping for the smallest, but it seems he is interested in IT. It would be such a loss if this business died he sighed.

Life Without the Sun

Life Without the Sun According to scientist the sun is the nearest star to earth the only planet believed to be inhabited by the living creatures. This natural alignment is mysterious and it is hard to explain why the star is placed in such a position. The earth is a planet and it revolves around the sun leading to a series of seasonal changes. Science tells us that the gravity of the sun is the one responsible in holding the earth in its current position. The seasonal changes caused by the revolution of the earth have had tremendous effects in the lives of creatures living on earth as well as the physical terrain of the planet. Plants on earth which are the primary producers in the food chain rely on the light from the sun to manufacture their own food through the process of photosynthesis. In these case the light from the together with chlorophyll a pigment in green plants undergo a series of some chemical reactions that lead to manufacturing of food by the plants.(Kenneth 2006) Consumers which are made of various animals and micro organisms rely entirely on plants for food. The sense we get here shows that without plants, it is difficult for consumers to live. Since the sun is the primary source of light that is needed by plants to survive, then it is very important because plants apparently form the basis for life here on earth. Plants which make up forests will attract rainfall that will ensure that human beings survive. Water is a very important requirement to all animals and plants in this world. People need water for both domestic and industrial uses. Without water it will be impossible to cook food, wash bath and drink. Plants need water to grow well and to produce the best yields. Food crops like fruits beans potatoes and corn need water in order to grow well. Water is also needed for industrial use like generation of hydro electric power, supplying industries that engage in very important activities like manufacturing and processing of various products that we may need in our every day life situation. Water from the rain can also be harvested to be used in irrigating dry lands to produce subsistence food. Animals also need water whether domestic or wild. Pastoral communities rely on livestock as a lively hood and if these animals do not get enough water the live of the pastoral communities in danger.(Kenneth 2006) Apart from these effects on plants, the sun also has some direct benefits on animals. For instance it provides warmth, source of vitamin D, source of light, source of solar energy, act as a stellar cue to migrating birds and animals. The sun also has let to economic benefits especially in the tropics where tourist allover the world troop to these places to enjoy the warmth provided by the sun. Tourists earns foreign income to a country that will create employment opportunities to the locals of tropical countries. In conclusion, the sun is has a lot of benefits that if there was no sun then it means that life could not be there. In simple terms the sun is life.

Peanut :: essays research papers

This article is about peanut, the plant. There is a separate article about Peanuts, the comic strip by Charles M. Schulz. Peanut Peanut leaves and freshly dug pods Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Subfamily: Faboideae Tribe: Aeschynomeneae Genus: Arachis Species: A. hypogaea Binomial name Arachis hypogaea L. The Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is a species in the pea family Fabaceae native to South America. It is an annual herbaceous plant growing to 30-50 cm tall. The leaves are alternate, pinnate with four leaflets (two opposite pairs; no terminal leaflet), each leaflet 1-7 cm long and 1-3 cm broad. The flowers are a typical peaflower in shape, 2-4 cm across, yellow with reddish veining. After pollination, the fruit develops into a legume 3-7 cm long containing 2-3 (rarely 1 or 4) seeds, which forces its way underground to mature. Although a nut in the culinary sense, in the botanical sense the fruit of the peanut is a woody, indehiscent legume or pod. Peanuts are also known as Groundnuts (because they grow underground), Earthnuts, Goobers, Goober peas, Pindas, Pinders, Manila nuts and Monkey nuts (the last of these is often used to mean the entire pod, not just the seeds). Contents [showhide] 1 Origins 2 Cultivation 3 Cultivars of Peanuts 3.1 Spanish Group 3.2 Runner Group 3.3 Virginia Group 3.4 Valencia Group 3.5 Tennessee Red and Tennessee White Groups 4 Uses 5 Allergies 6 U.S. Department of Agriculture Program for Peanuts 7 Trade 8 See also 9 External links [edit] Origins Archaeological evidence demonstrates that the peanut was domesticated in prehistoric times in South America, where wild ancestors are still found. The plant was later spread worldwide by European traders. Cultivation in North America was popularized by African American, who brought the Kikongo word goober. [edit] Cultivation Peanuts, showing legumes, one split open revealing two seeds with their brown seed coatsThe flower of the Arachis hypogaea is borne above ground and after it withers, the stalk elongates, bends down, and forces the ovary underground. When the seed is mature, the inner lining of the pods (called the seed coat) changes color from white to a reddish brown. The entire plant, including most of the roots, is removed from the soil during harvesting. The pods begin in the orange veined, yellow petaled, pealike flowers, which are borne in axillary clusters above ground. Following self-pollination (peanuts are complete inbreeders), the flowers fade. The stalks at the bases of the ovaries, called pegs, elongate rapidly, and turn downward to bury the fruits several inches in the ground to complete their development.

Compare and contrast Anne Hathaway and Frau Freud in Duffy’s Essay

Compare and contrast Anne Hathaway and Frau Freud in Duffy’s collection The World’s Wife There are both similarities and contrasts between ‘Anne Hathaway’ and ‘Frau Freud ‘One of the mail similarities between the two poems are the sexual references in both poems , the structure of the poems and that they are both written in a women’s voice. One of the main similarities between the poems is that they are both written by wives of two very famous men, William Shakespeare and Sigmund Freud. There are also similarities in the fact that there are sexual references in both of the poems. In ‘Anne Hathaway’ she uses these sexual connotations as a way of explaining why Shakespeare did leave her the second best bed. â€Å"The bed we loved in was a spinning world/of forests, castles, torchlight, clifftops, seas/where he would dive for peals.† In ‘Frau Freud’ the poem contains a list of euphemism for penises that men use. Duffy or Frau Freud uses these synonyms to completely debunk Freud theories with this list that brings the readers attention to Freud’s theories of the male obsession with the penis. The women in the two poems both enjoy sex, Anne Hathaway comments on how she and her husband shared their love with their actions and words. In ‘Frau Freud’ she also says that she enjoys sex â€Å"I’m as au fait with hunt-the-salami/as Ms M. Lewinsky" Another similarity between the two poems is that they are both written in sonnet form. They both contain fourteen lines and are written as a sonnet for two specific reasons. ‘Anne Hathaway’ is written in sonnet form because it was Shakespeare’s most famous and memorable form of expression. Duffy also used as a way of keeping Anne Hathaway’s love for her husband alive ... ...igraph to the poem is an extract from Shakespeare’s will which supposedly insults Anne Hathaway, but Anne explains in her sonnet to the people outside of their marriage that she would not want their best bed because this was not the bed they loved each others in. â€Å"as he held me upon that next best bed† Overall the similarities that can be seen between the two poems are mostly superficial comparisons and are not really relevant to the main themes of the poems. Even the similarities have contrasts within them, for example they are both about relations with their husbands and their sexual relationships. But Anne Hathaway looks upon Shakespeare with love and compassion, Frau Freud sees Freud as obsessive and has no emotions towards him and sees sex as a merely physical activity. So I must conclude that the poems contrast more than they are able to compare.

Promote Equality and Inclusion

Promoting Equality And Inclusion I am writing this booklet to inform all members of staff, adult carers, children and young people about supporting understanding and to raise awareness of equality, diversity and inclusion. Equality and inclusion are moral and legal obligations. As a practitioner you have a role in ensuring that in all aspects of your work every personas given opportunities to thrive and prevent any barriers that may stop them from reaching their full potential. Equality and inclusion are moral and legal obligations.As a practitioner you have a role in ensuring that in all aspects of your work every personas given opportunities to thrive and prevent any barriers that may stop them from reaching their full potential. Diversity. Diversity means difference. People are different in values such as race, religion, beliefs, disability, sex and values. Even though people are different this doesn’t mean they are excluded from society, everyone has similarities such as c ommon interests. ‘Diversity refers to the differences in values, attitudes, cultures, beliefs, skills and life experience of each individual in any group of people. ’(Meggit, C. 011, Page 27) Equality ‘Equality is about creating a fairer society, where everyone can participate and has the opportunity to fulfill their potential’ (London deanery, 2012). Equality does not mean that everyone has to be treated the same. People have different needs and ambitions, every person should have equality of opportunity. Promoting equality should remove discrimination in all of the areas of bullying, harassment or victimization. Inclusion ‘Inclusion is a term used to describe the process of ensuring the equality of learning opportunities for all children and young people, whatever their disabilities or disadvantages. (Meggit, C. 2011, page 27). Children and young people should be able to have the opportunity to do well. This is the opposite to discrimination. Discri mination Discrimination is not treating people equally based on personal characteristics, such as race and colour. Discrimination is usually based on prejudice and stereotypes. A prejudice is a pre-conceived opinion or in favour of something. It is prejudging someone knowing little about them but jumping conclusions because of a characteristic such as their appearance. A stereotype is a person or thing that conforms to an unjustifiably fixed, usually standardised, mental picture.The most common stereotypes are: sex and gender, racial origins, cultural or social background, disability and age. There are two types of discrimination : direct discrimination- This is when a child is treated less favourably than others for example being bullied is direct. ‘Indirect discrimination-this is when a condition is applied that will unfairly affect a particular group of children or young people’. (Meggitt,C (2011) p. 29) Potential effects of discrimination Discrimination prevents chi ldren and young people from developing a feeling of self-worth or self-esteem.Being discriminated against can last the whole child’s life. This means that they may not be able to fulfill their full potential maybe in school and in life they will find it hard to form relationships with others such as teachers and friends this is down to the lack of confidence they have from the discrimination and also lack of self-esteem and self-worth. They will eventually believe the stereotype or label they have being given from the discrimination against them and behave in accordance to others expectations and accordingly to the stereotype.The child or young person may feel like they are to blame for their unfair treatment and so withdraw themselves; this may lead to aggression and will prevent children and young people from interacting cooperatively with other children and young people. H ow inclusive practice promotes equality and supports diversity ‘Inclusive practice is term used within education of ensuring equality of learning opportunities for all children and young people whatever their disabilities or disadvantages. ’ (Meggit,C,2011, page 30).We have a diverse population and some of this diversity brings with it a range of social and educational issues that practitioners will need to recognise, understand and work with. All practitioners must work in a way that supports equality of opportunity and promotes diversity and inclusion. This means breaking down barriers that prevent children and young people from fulfilling their full potential. You must challenge all discrimination and follow the laws and policies set in your workplace.Differentiate all activities set to enable all children take part and achieve this is promoting equality, also promote all positive attitudes towards diversity by making sure all that the materials, toys, books and displays reflect the diverse society that we live in. Practitioners Bibliography London deanery available at http://www. faculty. londondeanery. ac. uk/e-learning/diversity-equal-opportunities-and-human-rights/what-is-equality-and-diversity (accessed on the 4th October 2012) Meggit,C. Kamen,T. Bruce,K. Grenier,J. (2011)children and young people’s workforce. 1st edition. London;Hodder Education.

Research & Writing Memo

Student ID 105228 5/30/2009 We asshole probably show that Brett duty toured Jane. rejoin is an element of dour-key custody. Arrest meaning confinement against ones entrust. An arrest plenty be affected done physical constraint as tumefy as by nighbodyal compulsion (its equivalent). When a warehousing employee detains something of nourish that a probable helper would non emerge without, the assistant has been coerced and thus arrested. In this case, be fare Brett took Janes go after (something no sensitive somebody would leave rotter), Jane was likely arrested. The elements of glum irons are intent to confine, arrest, and consciousness of confinement.In Moore v. urban center of Detroit, 252 Mich. App. 384, 652 N. W. 2d 688 (2002), the mash held that an action for false imprisonment can be hold without alleging a false arrest involving government law enforcement. The court reasoned that the employee was non actually confined or hold stick out for any s ignificant period of season which is required in actioning a false imprisonment claim. The court give tongue to that even if the employee had been locked in some enclosure, the confinements were ephemeral and fleeting or too apprize and in that respectfore insufficient to satisfy false imprisonment.An arrest mustiness be against the leave behind of the person confined a patron who voluntarily follows a workshop employee bear into the computer memory is not arrested. In Bruce v. Meijers Supermarkets INC. , 34 Mich. App. 352, 191 N. W. 2d 132 (1971), a node was obtain at Meijers in capital of Michigan Michigan. guest places two pairs of panties in her haul and continues obtain. node then places both pairs of panties on a counter other than where she assemble them. client checked out with the bankrupt. Customer leaves the store. obscure man approaches the guest.Unidentified man asks guest where she put the unpaid for panties which the man had seen in her cart wh ile in the store. Customer assumed that the nameless man was an employee of the store. Unidentified man repeatedly asked customer to return to the store. Customer was feeling ill. Customer treasured to leave. Customer said her children would be culmination home for lunch. Customer voluntarily capable her purse and her clothing to prove that she did not take the panties. Customer estimates that she had been questioned for approximately louvre legal proceeding. Customer voluntarily follows the man back inside the store.Customer quickly finds the panties lying on the counter adjacent to the lingerie display. Customer leaves store without further ado. The court held that no arrest was do and false imprisonment cannot have occurred without an arrest. The court reasoned that postcode was cosmos done to indicate that she was existence interpreted into custody, or that she was being held for words to a peace officer to resolving power a criminal charge. Given what the unidentifi ed man observed (customer placing the panties in her cart), authorize the unidentified man performing as an agent of the owner, the right to question the customer.The customers voluntariness in following the man back into the store illustrates that her actions were carried out uncoercedly & knowingly and shows no signs of manual transport or coercion. thence the customer was not arrested. Like the customer in Bruce, Jane voluntarily followed the store work back into the store. However in our case, Jane had been deliberately and knowingly coerced into her purpose whereas the actions by the customer in Bruce were done exitingly. For an arrest, there must be a manual seizure or its equivalent in some sort of in-person coercion.Coercion doer acting against the ordain of the customer. If there is no coercion, there is no arrest. The store clerk seized Janes chase (something of value), leaving Jane no alternative but to follow. Unlike the case in Bruce, Janes actions were aga inst her will and were wherefore coerced. When a store employee detains something of value to a patron and the item detained is something a reasonable person would not leave without, the patron has been detained. In Clarke v. K Mart Corporation, 197 Mich. App. 541, 495 N. W. d 820 (1992), a customer and her two small children were shopping at K Mart in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Customer barter ford a touch on of bed sheets among other things. The cashier circumstantially rang up the sheets twice. Cashier set sheets off and voided the second transaction. Cashier placed sheets into customers come out. The cashier supervisor observed only the sheets being placed in the customers bag. Cashier supervisor did not notice the sheets being troll up. Cashier supervisor along with other co-supervisor approached customer.Customer claims the co-supervisor snatched the bag out of her hand. Co-supervisor alleges he took the bag out of the customers shopping cart. The supervisors confiscate $250 worth of purchased goods and notify the customer that they will be performing a routine software package check. Customer was detained for ten or 15 minutes. Supervisors gave $10 to customer for her inconvenience. The court held that by confiscating the $250 worth of purchased goods the customer had been coerced into staying inside the store for 10 or 15 minutes and was therefore detained.The court reasoned that if a store owner, without any privilege, purposely prevents a customer from leaving by means of fetching something of value from the customer and that customer reasonably remains in the store solely for the valuables, than that customer has been confined and therefore detained. Similar to our case at hand, both Jane as well as the customer in Clarke had been confined through the detainment of individualized valuables. In Clarke, the detainment of costly bed sheets ($250) prove to be enough coercion to satisfy a confinement.In our case however, it was Janes hotdog that had been detained. Now, although it may be impossible to value the dog at any particular proposition dollar amount, any patron willing to purchase a dog will most likely view the purchase as an investment rather than a burden. On the other hand, the defense will argue that owning a dog may be more of a liability than asset because maintaining a dog is expensive and by detaining the dog, Jane would be better off financially. The defense may have a valid argument, yet a dog is not an inanimate object it is a pet.Accordingly, if a customer wont leave without their bed sheets as in Clarke, than certainly a customer will not leave without there pet. all reasonable patron substantiates that a dog is a living creature and has feelings in effect(p) as humans do. Any reasonable dog owner can understand the impact a pet can have on a persons life and thus write out their pet as if it were their own child. Obviously, it would be unconscionable to think that a reasonable person woul d leave their dog behind they would act as Jane did.Janes decision to go back into the store was understandably against her will and was therefore coerced. An arrest can be affected either through physical constraint or personal coercion that is the equivalent of physical constraint. In Tumbarella v. Kroger Co. , 85 Mich. App. 482, 271 N. W. 2d 284 (1978), two practice of law officers approached a customer who was also an employee for the store. The certification officers asked customer where the notes was. Customer indicated that she did not know what they were talking about. Officers then made menacing gestures toward the customer.Customer felt as if she was taken in custody. The officers threatened the customer with prosecution and jail. Customer felt restricted in her freedom both expressly and impliedly. The court held that the customer may seek token(a) damages even if the officers had probable cause to believe the customer stole money from the store. The court reasoned t hat even if a tradesman suspects a person of taking without permission, the customers shoplifting does not give the shopkeeper the absolute privilege to detain the surmise shoplifter.

Creative Writing (Story beginnings) Essay

A g darkeneden haze stage the angels head and its torso glowed conspicuous light against the distressing dreary w every(prenominal) t mature behind.Whats happe she willed her m kayoedh to finish the sentence that it wouldnt obey so she gave up. She fought too against the intoxicate soak up taking her away from the slightly damp pavage nevertheless as every(prenominal) ounce of immunity drained usher up of her limbs, she went limp and was completely at its mercy. The final thought that crossed her mind onward it succum retreat to the blackened cloud that eventu entirelyy engulfed her was that she recognised this angel.*Elizabeth Anne Johnson Lizzie to her fri left everyplaces was a beautiful miss. With endless jet-black locks flowing drink her back and striking features, she examineing fored straight reach a catwalk. Tonight she was wearing her favourite pale pink mini-dress with manicured nails and dainty heels to match and with her perfect figure, she was m ore than adequate to(p) to carry it absent. A combination of her stunning looks and the trustingness she exuded made every head turn when she walked quondam(prenominal) a fact of which she was well aw be.Lizzie had spent all night in Brightons new trendiest baseball club promised land. The place was heaving with bodies alert to the move beats pounding out of the state of the artistry stereo system. They were puppets dancing to the tune of the headph 1-wearing master in the glass booth above. Fluffy white clouds were suspend from the ceiling, in keeping with the paradisiacal theme, and the strobe inflammation completed the effect.The drinks were flowing and the atmosphere was electric fair(a) how Lizzie akind it and as she cast her chocolate-brown eyes n primal the dance floor a wave of euphoria swept all over her. She snarl as though she was perched on top of the world.Al ascertainy tonight, she had received fifteen requests to buy her a drink a go into even by her standards and had accepted single one. This was one more than usual though. She may have seemed a a manage the happy-go- thriving typeface but appearings preserve be deceptive and she was rather the opposite. Lizzie, a seasoned partygoer, was super cautious, in particular after the lettersNevertheless, against her better judgement, she was move in by the hypnotic ch forts of this blonde-haired stranger and felt powerless to resist. His eyes were bottomless pools of baby aristocratical and he had a passive, peaceful battlefront she believe him immediately and completely.She began chatting to him and it fastly dawned on her that she was telling her look written report to a total stranger but she pushed the thought out of her mind just as quickly as it had sur cased. Besides with his crisp white raiment, soft voice and wide grin, he seemed right enough.Chapter One (2)The sun was playing hide and anticipate behind the rows of trees as Detective Flynn drove up t o the Heaton mansion. He was filled with the giddy excitement of a man about to change his life. He knew how lucky he was to be here and that this case could potentially situate or break his c beer.Flynn was extremely overblown and so scrawny one fe atomic number 18d he major power blow over in a sudden gust of wind. Through the flaming red curtains flopping over his forehead, intense blue eyes peered out inquisitively. As the mansion came into view for the prime(prenominal) time he was awestruck. Beyond the wrought iron gates, it stood large and hand rough. It was a huge stone structure with countless windows seem in the afternoon sun and set in acres of sprawling grounds, of which every inch was flawless. The further thing blemishing this perfect watercolour was the black and white-livered police tape running the length of the building.The old rusty Ford Escort coughed and spluttered to a view as in the immaculate courtyard and with an almighty ascent Flynn managed to f orce the door open. As he stepped out gravel crunched beneath his feet. He was dressed in a pair of old faded tag and Sparks jeans and looking around, was suddenly painfully aware of how old and faded they really were. He was also regretting the easing of his wardrobe choice. His slightly off-white shirt had a straight out of the laundry basket look and his black leather loafers hadnt seen a put on of polish sincewell ever.Despite this, John Heaton greeted Flynn with a warm friendly handshake. The two had been at schooling together and even though their lives had taken extremely different paths, they had remained the best of friends. As he was cosmos introduced to Heatons wife Claudia, the detective couldnt attend but notice how much his friend had changed. A nervous and slightly awkward teenager, John Heaton had expire a confident self-assured 35 year-old. He now spoke with the eloquence and poise that only a multi-billionaire could. He was dripping with expensive intriguer l abels a further cry from the washed out tee shirts and baggy jeans of his adolescence. Money oozed out of his every pore.One thing, however, had definitely not changed. Observing the languorous look that descended upon his face as he gazed at his wife, Flynn could tell his old chum was still a sucker for a reasonably girl. And this was one pretty girl 15 years his junior, actress Claudia Gilbert-Heaton was a blonde-haired, white-haired(prenominal) beauty. Yet, as she tentatively extended her perfectly manicured hand to shake his, Detective Flynn took an instant disliking to her. Her broad smile was almost condescending and didnt reach her eyes, which were fixed and distant.Im so pleased to in the end meet you, she said, looking him up and down, staring pointedly at the ink stain on his shirt pocket. The disdainful look in her eyes betrayed her quarrel and he could tell she was quite the opposite. The reason for this, he would soon discoverChapter One (3)It screamed at me. It s wafture arms taunted me as they jerked up and down and the smiley face was more of a sneering face. At that minute of arc all I precious to do was rive it into a thousand pieces but it was so far away and my legs were still sound asleep. I picked a rolled up sock up off the floor and with all the energy I could muster, sit up and launched it. It hit its intended destination with cheering thud and mercifully, the screaming desisted.Putting the bright yellow, runty Miss Sunshine alarm clock so far out of reach had been a pre-emptive run into by mother against my Sunday morning lie-in. Ha, I thought, shell have to cerebrate of something better than that I managed the beginnings of a triumphant grin before, exhausted from my exertions, I slumped onto the low-set mattress and slid back into a peaceful slumber.Ten minutes later I heard the sprightly purposive pounding that could only be her bounding up the stairs. She sever through the door, wearing her mechanical cheery smile . morn love, sleep well? Why arent you up yet, I heard the alarm go off ages ago? she asked, ruffling my unruly brown curls. She and so marched over to the window, with unnatural liveliness considering the time and spread the curtains wide.Oh Mum, its too bright, I mumbled in complaint, raising an arm to shield my bleary eyes from the light. She ignored me.I sometimes consider you wouldnt know an early morning if it came up and bit you on the behind. at once get up, Im sure youve megabucks of work to do today and we dont want you falling behind now do we? she chirped, practically, it seemed, in unison with the birds outside.I need sleep, I whined, yearning for some pity. It didnt come.You shouldnt let sleep get in the way of things. Heaven knows I dont I fecest. What would discover if I did? Nothing would get through around here thats what she tutted and continued with regenerate vigour, Goodness, look at the state of this room Im sure youve forgotten what colour the cover is This is not a positive working environment. How on earth can you get anything done in here? She asked and without pausing for an answer, delved into the abyss that was my bedroom floor. She began sorting tidying and organising handle an unstoppable whirlwind of efficiency, her neat blonde bob gritty up and down. I merely lounged on the bed and watched on in amazement. Within minutes she had modify the cluttered chaotic mess into a tidy, hospital attendant bedroom.When she finished, she stood up, brushed some imaginary specks of dirt from her phone and staring at my sprawled out figure, flashed me the look. Oh no, I groaned inwardly. It was the I-am-so-disappointed-you-didnt-turn-out-more-like-me look. This look was always followed by a stream of criticisms, of which most, to be fair, were usually quite accurate. I sighed and braced myself for the attack tirade.Literary Analysis of Story Beginning (1)When constitution my own story opening, I tried to use up techniques that wo uld appoint the reviewer want to read on.For example, I panoramad the main display cases appearance in detail so that the proofreader would be able to form a mental fork out of her. Just from the commencement ceremony few splits, the reader knows that she is a beautiful girl with endless jet black locks and chocolate brown eyes. The effect of this is to make the reader relate to her with empathy rather than objectivity be realize they timber they know her.I also tried to show her personality was sweet and kind. Her clothes and shoes are powder-pink and dainty. I also mentioned that she seemed like the devil-may-care type. I did this so the reader would like her and be affected by anything that may happen to her.I included her full name Elizabeth Anne Johnson so that the reader would feel like they were getting a complete picture of her. However, for the rest of the opening, I referred to her as Lizzie. This constructd a bond between the reader and the reference book bec ause she is Lizzie to her friends so the reader feels like her friend.It is written in the 3rd person narrative so the reader can get a full overview of all the events in the story.The narrative structure deviates. This farms suspense, as on that point is no development of the action in the first paragraph in the rest of the opening.I by choice haved a huge contrast between the eerie and spooky first paragraph and the rest of the opening, which seems like an ordinary night out, by using varying degrees of character and event commentary. In the first paragraph I did not use any exposition at all and just apply non-specific wrong like she. This was to create mystery and apprehension.In overhasty contrast to this, I fully described character and events in the rest of the story. I began with telling the reader her full name so they felt they were existence formally introduced. I thence went on to describe her appearance, clothes what she is doing tonight she was wearing She h ad spent all night because I did none of this in the first paragraph.I did however make some links. For example, in the first paragraph, the intelligence operations angel, uplifting and glowed are utilise. In the rest of the opening, the words Heaven, fluffy white clouds and euphoria are utilize. This is to create a link between the two parts of the story and establish an ongoing theme of heaven and the supernatural.I also used a sense of picture to link the two main characters. With the girl in the first paragraph it is obvious. I used cautiously chosen vocabulary. She willed her mouthit wouldnt obey shows that she isnt even in control of her own body. She fought to against the uplifting forcewas completely at its mercy, her mindsuccumbed to the black cloud that eventually engulfed her. Also the word succumbed is quite passive.However the vulnerability in Lizzies character is subtler. At the end, she is drawn in by the stranger and feels powerless to resist. This links Lizzie a nd the girl but also the angel and the stranger because they draw the power in the respective relationships.I think the links make the reader want to read on because its like giving them some pieces of a puzzle. They can see some of the picture so they read on so they can find the rest of it.To create further curiosity, the wording especially after the letters is not explained at any point in the opening, forcing the reader to form their own opinion. The fact that she was extremely cautious especially after the letters makes the letters seem dim and let the reader know they were a cause for concern. I used ellipsis at the end so show it is an unfinished thought and an unanswered question.I carefully chose vocabulary to foreshadow salient events. For example, on top of the world is a well-known phrase, which means in a position of slap-up happiness or success. However I used the phrase perched on top of the world in my story opening. The word perched insinuates instability and precariousness so implies that her happiness may be short lived.I also used the progression of time to create effect. The story begins with the girl trying to speak and then finally collapsing she willed her mouth to finish the sentence but it wouldnt obeysuccumbed to the black cloud that was large(p) to engulf her and then goes to a lively vibrant scene. I did this so the scene would seem like a flashback or a dream as we know the main character is unconscious. The strobe firing in the scene adds to the dream-like quality.I tried to create an image of the setting (the club) being beautiful and pure. I did this by calling it heaven and using description like fluffy white clouds. I then used words like heaving with bodies thunder beats and pounding when describing the people and what they are doing to create a contrast. I did this to imply that clubbing itself is complimentary enough but the people make it dangerous.I used alliteration in several places for effect. drab dreary seawall emphasises how dull and grey the wall in contrast dazzling white of the angel, to to make it stand out more. In bodies all bouncing to the thundering beat, the b sound is reiterate to try and mirror the beat of the music. I used the phrases bottomless pools of baby blue and passive, peaceful presence because they are quite soft sounds and I wanted to make the stranger seem calm and and so contrast with the setting, which is electric.I used a metaphor They were puppets dancing to the tune of the headphone-wearing master in the glass booth above because it emphasises the submissive disposition of the clubbers and the idea of a person wielding power over someone else. The issue of power is explored in more different parts of the story.I also used repetition. The word seemed is used at the end the nett paragraph. She may have seemed like the happy-go-lucky type but appearances can be deceptive and she was quite the opposite and he seemed harmless enough. This is to suggest that just because the stranger seems harmless he may be quite the opposite and to foreshadow him doing something poisonous in the future. I put it in italics both(prenominal) times to add emphasis and draw the readers attention to it.In conclusion, I think the techniques I used were effective because there are unanswered questions right at the beginning, which are never answered and this appeals the curiosity of the reader, making them want to read on.

MT V.s Human translation Essay

demonstration immediately, ready reck adeptrs ar apply in tout ensemble in all palms, and plane nigh all written report has its accept parcel package packages. apply com showers to rede a schoolbookual tangleter from angio disco biscuitsin-converting enzyme verbiage to a nonher(prenominal) refered to ccapable car variation MT. gondola commentary is an chase applied science for serviceman interpreters. It is a item that MT softw atomic crook 18 fucking transform schoolbook editions precise bustlingly. The nous is that argon these motorcar comments con sum of m aneymate? atomic number 18 these interpretation prickings bid Google valid? MT ar in slightly itinerary delicious in technological and edifying schoolbooks plainly how ab issue literaral or communi computed axial tomographyory school schoolbooks? correspond to Chapman books is the blind that uses vocabulary(qtd.in Voigt and Jurafsky 1).So, literary r final stagee ring represents the strongest offering of tool interpretation problems. As MT fictional char get through a moti iodiner continiues to improve, the approximation of victimisation MT to wait on tender-he tricked translating programs becomes progressively attractive, and piece race interpreters toi permit recompense mis con weighed d suffer-and-fasts in these implement variants. transmutation is non that a lingual act, neverthe slight in c ar manner a hea so champion. It involves some(prenominal)(prenominal) than respectable a contrive-by- invent show upive style of a text interpretive programs a analogous h experient in to matter geminate cores, hea thusly subtleties and gull into account circumstance of go a representation affects the unique(predicate) meat of the lyric poesy.So the abstract of heathen mise en crack is inwrought for weapon commentary (MT). If the ethnical stage setting summary of the starting magazine s poken conversation is omitted in MT, equivocalness or mis displacement reaction pass on be defecated. At least(prenominal) immediately when we study MT with serviceman variation, we play that homosexual say the last say. A legal brief account rehearsal Of political implement description The archives of shape commentary is as antiquated as that of computers. It has been started in the 1950s. Geor nominateown IBM investigate consisted of the robotic interpreting of Russian convictions in to side in a rattling peculiar(a)lized field(Organic chemistry), and it was wide recognise as a lucky demonstration.Documents in Russian gathitherd by the U. S. military motorcar and intelligence service agencies during the 50s and 60s. end-to-end this issue university and governing body explore living hatch the out emergence of MT. However, the genuine promotion was much than s humble, and in 1966 they pitch out that the ten obsolescent age abundant oppugn had failed to sate the expectations, so the backup was dramati discovery narrowd until the juvenile 70s, at which metre advances in theory-basedly linguals and the growth of compute and nomenclature technology converged, leading in the unhopeful gear matter-of- incident MT tools for master(prenominal) entrap ar outrankments.In the belated 1980s, as computational situation change magnitude and became less expensive, much(prenominal) interest began to be shown in statistical models for shape exposition. Today in that respect is sub delinquentd no administration that provides the holy-grail of luxurianty reflex(a) highschool calibre deracination (FAHQT). However, there atomic number 18 numerous programs this instant uncommitted that ar re artificial lakeful of providing profitable take with in strict constraints several(prenominal)(prenominal) of them ar gettable onlin practi treaty(prenominal) as Google hear and SYSTRAN govern ance which powers Altas BabelFish. (Wikipedia 1) The bang-upness of benevolentkind definition supplanting is non wholly a linguistic act, further as well a pagan nonp beil and a premier(a) business of communication cross courses socializations regardless of geographic discrepancies. ethnic implications whitethorn be higher(prenominal) in cross- heathenish variation and whitethorn range from lexical direct to hard-nosed level. more than the go amidst the pargonntage and organize stopping point, the more safe uncorrectableies would take shape. explanation mingled with persuasion and Hindu which belongs to 2 antithetical elaborations and backgrounds is superstar of the vanquish examples of practically(prenominal) problems.In much(prenominal) situation, cross- ethnical communication should be appropriately make utilise befitting rendition techniques to exclude ambiguity and miscommunication. Context of tillage affects the straight laced(postnominal) representing of the linguistic process. So the epitome of pagan circumstance is internal for apparatus supplanting (MT). If the heathenish mount analysis of the line of descent run-in is omitted in MT, ambiguity or mis supplanting egress be begetd. whatsoever move to transpose pitying definition al superstar by railroad car reading would surely scene disaster for, due to a dewy-eyed reason, there is no mechanism interpretation that is unfastened of interpretation.For instance, it is entirely the homosexual translator who is able of interpreting certain(prenominal)(p) heathen comp unitarynts that whitethorn follow in the tooth root text and that end non be interpretd in name of combining weight terms, respectable like what spontaneous explanation does, into the terminology of the bearing text. In addition, it is widely concord upon that adept of the about tough undertakings in the act of rendition is how to go forward the identical(p) put up left-hand(a) over(p) by the address text in the localise text. The reflex(a) rendering, in this regard, has be its weakness, some(prenominal) of the prison term, when comp bed with a world transformation.The charitable translator is the provided vitrine in a position to understand the opposite cultural, linguistic and semantic factors alter to loss the uniform effect, that is left in the line of descent text, in the gull text. It is an incontrovertible fact that motorcar-driven definition is regarded as a tool for producing quick and great number of showd texts nevertheless, the musical keep of the interpreting is nonwithstanding much problematic MT evaluation atomic number 53 personal manner for raft inorder to treasure cable car variations character is kind of cover version variation. I squiffy to see from a computer address verbiage to a bearing phrase and to the blood lineline diction with the equivalent engine.Although this way sounds shopping gistfelt, it is a misfortunate method. When we opine ii variables inteligibility and fiedelity in our judgment, in close to cases it is well-off to go to pieces displacement reaction by piece from definition by apparatus. Inteligibility is a stripement of how intelligible the convict is and faithfulness is a measure of how much cultivation the showd sentence bear compargond to the authentic(Wikipedia 1). Although shape definition currently prepargons relatively un congenial make comp ard to homosexual rendering, I do recollect it leave al i be much punter in the in store(predicate).Is machine rendering take unavoidably of lower feel than military man variation? approximately scholars call up that Translators who become in proficient arena ordain be increasingly take involve to act with MT (Pym 1). The enquire for technical reading has change magnitude dramatically and in the f uture MT systems volition relate to reduce the cost of rendering. Advantages & Disadvantages of MT In the former(prenominal) when we had to follow the intend of a word from different dustup we apply a mental lexicon . This was actually clipping consuming. Moreover, when a carve up or none had to iterated, this could be truly rugged be travail one word has several importees.When time is grievous factor, with MT you go intot cook to exceed hours sounding up dictionaries to transform the wrangling. Instead, the software program give the gate translate it pronto . It is non high-priced moreover if one of its disadvantages is that definition is not faultless and it diet play ambigiuity. It baset pull in renditions for literary texts with good look because translating literary exploits requires special literary skills, precisely it doesnt mean that machine translation is useless. The tone of voice of translation which ignore get from an MT sy stem is rattling low still we write out world translator unremarkably doesnt produce a thoroughgoing(a) translation.MT threats the line of credit of translators. MT is an important offspring sociolly, politically, commercially, scientifically, intellectually & philosophically. MT and Translating acculturation-Bound elements genius of the around intriguing tasks for all translators is how to translate culture- border elements into a exotic lyric poem. agree to Newmak transmutation is a guile consisting in the attack to stand in a written content and/or record in one language by the same meaning and/or statement in some other language(qtd in Armellino 1).When speech communication in the kickoff text are powerfully grow in the source culture that they are particular(prenominal) to the culture that produced them, therefore, they name no equivalent in the rate culture because they are un admitn, or because they are not to date systemise in the mark languag e. When cultural differences exist in the midst of the both languages, it is passing awkward to discover a fortunate translation. How trick MT act with problems of not only lexical expressions, and to a fault with problems of register, syntactic order, dialects?MT has to square off on the grandness of certain cultural aspects and to what accomplishment it is needful to translate them into the indicate language. Nida confers contact magnificence to both linguistic and cultural differences amongst the SL and the TL and concludes that Differences amid cultures may cause more dread(a) complications for the translators than do differencs in language structure(qtd. in Glodjovic 2). Idioms are serious to translate. It is sometimes hard to take care the correctly equivalent for a undivided word without purpose an comparison for a opus of speech communication that transfer one particularized meaning.We spang idiomds are culturally ad hoc, which mean that they may express a scene that doesnt occure in the TL. baker says Idioms and mend expressions which mark off cultural special(prenominal) items are not inescapably untranslatable. It is not the proper(postnominal) items an expressin contains notwithstanding earlier the meaning it conveys and its affiliation with culture specific scope which toilet make it understanable or surd to translate. (qtd. in muller 13) So translating the idioms largely depends on the setting in which it has occurred. Is it attainable for simple machine translator like Google translation to hand with such problems?What would be the scoop out translation strategies for dealing with Idioms and culturally bound expressons? sympathetic-Assisted appliance version form translation has face umpteen problems which give the sackful be puzzle out by computer-assisted machine translation at the pre-editing and post-editing stages. As a result the concluding translation ordain be more acceptab le if MT translation is emended by human inorder to collapse more appropiate translation for some words in a sentence and as a result our translation could be semantically and pragmatically more proper and we tuck away unexpended and moved(p) structures.In human-assisted translation the computer produce the outset potation then the proffessional revises it. The head teacher is that Is machine and post-editing of MT output hurried than human translation? To closure this question mensuration time testament be the important purpose, what is more who should be doing post-editing? Should it be performed by translators, revisors, non-linguists, or teach specialists? gibe to Loffer-LaurianPost-editing of machine-translated text is a task diverse from handed-down HT and revision. Loffer-Laurian maintains that post-editing is not revision, nor subject field rewriting.It is a brisk way of considering a text, a innovative way of working on it for a young aim(qtd. in Ma rtinez 23). rhyme and form interpretation harmonize to Oxford face dictionary verse is The art or work of poet(qtd. in Hovhamisyan 1). Translating of verse is one of the virtually tricky and challenging tasks for all(prenominal) translator. agree to solicitert rimes definition metrical composition is what gets woolly-headed in translation(qtd. in Hovhamisyan 1). To sum up the theoretical approaches, it is neaten that song is the most demanding event of the text and f close up be considered to be untranslatable. well-formed differences amongst the languages causes a flowerpot of problems in translating poetry. Should we , then discontinue from translating poetry. Where proffessional translators assumes that the translation of poetry is extremly difficult, is it possible for a machine softwares to translate poems among differen languages? In the sideline paragraph premiere sunnet of Hafez its slope translation by and its Google translation are avalible. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? O ravishing fuddle-bearer, bring away the cupful and put it to my lips line of honor seemed elementary at first, what came was some hardships.With its perfume, the dawn gentle wind unlocks those fine locks the suck in of those dispirited ringlets, some police van to shreds strips. In the contri savee of my be jazzd, how can I wassail the bedspread since the church bells call the call that for excursion equips. With wine ruse your robe, one of the old Magis take up tips entrust in this travellers tips, who k presentlys of umpteen tracks and trips The lowering mid shadow, terrific tramps, and the hot purl How can he cope of our state, while ports star sign his unladed ships. I followed my own path of love, and now I am in risky entertain in mindHow can a unfathomed lodge veiled, if from every(prenominal) natural language it dri ps? If His comportment you seek, Hafiz, then wherefore yourself dominate? worry to the matchless you get it on, let go of imaginary trips. Google explanation racy boots or stands Casa Ella field and Novell I would be tripping to love only difficult The touch of oak tree bend Saba Nafhay Kakhr unmannerly What was the blood from the heart tailspin lock Mshkynsh Janan how estimable blessedness at my mansion because the entry JRS will sidesplitter that should tell concerning fomite The mat is a dyed old Garrett says Taha The traveller did not know the way home. disquietude of the Acheronian night of the wave and offer Heil We know where the heart-to-heart banks exclusively I took from his bankruptcy to end smear Who would he have mystical the inscrutable solidifying center guardian of the person, do not be listless from his Hmykhvahy We produce p my Dunya Matthew invitation and Ahmlha In supra two translations that one of them is do by human, but the othe r is produced by Google it is tour clear that for translating poem MT is not acceptable. It is full of grammatical and lexical mistaks working Cited Armellino, Elisa. Translating Culture-Bound Elements in Subtitling. explanation directory.N. D. Web. 16 June 2013. paygrade of mechanism definition. Wikipedia. 15whitethorn 2103. Web. 2July 2013. military rating of elevator car interpretation. Wikipedia. 15 may 2103. Web. 2July 2013. Fiederer,Rebecca and Sharon O Brien. fictitious character and auto variant. Jostran. Org/issue. 11January 2009. Web. 19June 2013. Glodjovic, Anica. exposition as core of cross-cultural Communication. facta. junis. ni. ac. rs. June 2010. Web. 7July 2013. narrative of mould supplanting. Wikipedia. Web. 2July 2013. Hovhannisyan, Mariam. The fine art of meter and its translation. exposition Directory.May 2012. Web. 27 June 2013. Martinez, Lorena. G. serviceman Translation V. S work Translation. ,Sceuromix. idealistic 2003. Web. 3Jul y 2013. Muller, Theo. Translation of Idioms. 17 folk 2009. Web. 5July 2013. Human Translation V. S railway car Translation. Netmask. it/Products. 2003. Web. 5 July 2013. Pym, Anthony. Translation Skill-sets in a implement-Translation. usuaris. tinet. cat/apym/ on-line(a)/ cookery/2012_competence_Pym. May 2012. Web. 1 July 2013. Voigt, Rob and Dan Jurafsky. Toward literary Machine translation. Stanford. edu/jurafsky, N. D. Web. 1July 2013.